Why Kambar Chose Not to Write Mahabharata in Tamil

The question of why Kambar, a renowned Tamil poet, did not choose to write Mahabharata in Tamil is a fascinating one, often pondered by critics and literature enthusiasts. The beauty and depth of Tamil literature are largely attributed to Kambar's masterpiece, Ramayanam, which he penned brilliantly in the Tamil language. Had Kambar chosen to write Mahabharata under similar circumstances, the implications would have been profound. This article delves into the various reasons and considerations that might have influenced Kambar's decision to remain faithful to his native epic.

Impact on Tamil Literature and Readership

One cannot dispute the significant impact that Kambar's adherence to writing Ramayanam in Tamil had on the Tamil language and its literature. If Kambar were to write Mahabharata in Tamil, the rich tapestry of Tamil literary works would have been enriched even further. Additionally, the unique wordplay, linguistic nuances, and cultural resonances inherent in Ramayanam would have been even more pronounced. However, this choice also meant that the Tamil population, especially those residing across the globe, continued to have the transcendent beauty and profound narrative of Ramayanam.

Context and Social Relevance

Kambar, as a person from Tamil Nadu, did not have formal education in Sanskrit. The educational system of his time was vastly different from what exists today. Schools were not equipped to teach languages like Hindi or Sanskrit, which were primarily the domain of scholars and intellectuals. Similarly, the common populace had little knowledge of Sanskrit. Therefore, the likelihood of a widespread audience understanding and appreciating a translation of Mahabharata into Tamil is minimal. The mission of literary works like Kambaramayanam was to connect with the masses, something that was achieved through the heart and soul of Ramayanam.

Historical and Political Context

The historical and political context of Kambaramayanam is crucial to understanding why Kambar did not choose to write Mahabharata in Tamil. Writing about the story of Rama, a central figure in Hindu mythology, was a significant responsibility. There were historical instances where such projects could be deemed treacherous. For instance, the period was embroiled in conflicts, with rulers like Kulothunga threatening the lives of poets like Kambar. The idea of undertaking a project of such magnitude and political significance would have been a risk too high for Kambar.

Conclusion

As we reflect on the timeless works of Kambar, it is important to consider the many reasons that guided his decisions. While it could be argued that he wanted to stop with Ramayanam and perhaps retire with his greatest achievement, it is equally plausible that other factors played a role. Had Kambar chosen to write Mahabharata in Tamil, the literary and social landscape of Tamil Nadu and beyond would undoubtedly be different. However, the legacy of Ramayanam continues to thrive, a testament to Kambar's unparalleled contribution to Tamil literature and culture.

Related Works

Villiputhurar, another Tamil poet, did indeed write a version of Mahabharata in Tamil, titled Basava Puranam. This further emphasizes the rich tradition of Tamil literature in adapting and retelling epic narratives. These works not only showcase the vast adaptability of the Tamil language but also highlight the enduring appeal of classical Indian literature.