Literature
Were the Authors of the Gospels Contemporary Eyewitnesses to Jesus? An Analysis
Were the Authors of the Gospels Contemporary Eyewitnesses to Jesus? An Analysis
By Michael R. Burch
Introduction to Biblical Eyewitnesses
The assertion that the Gospels contain actual eyewitness testimonies is often scrutinized closely, especially when one considers the sacred nature of Jesus' words. Michael R. Burch explores this in his essay, delving into the reliability of the Gospels as firsthand accounts from those who witnessed Jesus' life.
Evidence Against Eyewitnesses in the Gospels
Manipulated Accounts of Crucifixion and Resurrection
The argument against eyewitness authenticity in the Gospels is compelling. According to Burch, the gospels present conflicting narratives, including the words of Jesus at His crucifixion and the moments following His resurrection. This raises questions about the reliability of the Gospels. Burch claims that an eyewitness, having witnessed the sacred moments, would not alter such accounts.
The 'Beloved Disciple'
For instance, the Gospel of John is cited as having an ulterior motive, particularly in making the 'beloved disciple' Jesus' favorite. The text is altered to a point where an eyewitness would not have misconstrued such critical details. For example:
The crucifixion scene is modified to include the 'beloved disciple' at the foot of the cross, where he receives Jesus' dying words. The other gospels, however, suggest that the women were the ones present and watching from a distance. The empty tomb scene is also changed, with the 'beloved disciple' arriving at the tomb first and believing in the resurrection before Mary Magdalene.These discrepancies suggest that the authors of the Gospels were not recording direct, verifiable accounts but rather crafting narratives to suit their theological and political motives.
The Earliest Gospels and Their Composition
The earliest gospel, Mark, is believed to have been composed around 75 AD. This timeline is significant as it places the writing of the Gospels in a period long after the death of Jesus. Burch also notes that the authors were literate Greeks, suggesting that these accounts were not translations from the Aramaic originally spoken by Jesus and His followers.
Geographic and Cultural Inaccuracies
The argument further extends to the geographical and cultural inaccuracies present in the Gospels. Burch points out that the authors made mistakes that would not be expected from eyewitnesses. Errors in place names and cultural practices indicate that the authors were not drawing from first-hand experience but from hearsay.
Conclusion
Concluding, Burch argues that the Gospels appear to be constructed without the help of eyewitnesses, primarily consisting of writings and redactions intended to shape reader beliefs and align with specific theological aims. The lack of citations of apostles as eyewitnesses further supports the theory that the Gospels are primarily hearsay.
References
Burch, M. R. (Year). Were the Authors of the Gospels Contemporary Eyewitnesses to Jesus? An Analysis. Retrieved from [Source URL]
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