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Unveiling the Theme of Racism in Shakespeares Othello

June 09, 2025Literature2167
Unveiling the Theme of Racism in Shakespeares Othello Shakespeares Oth

Unveiling the Theme of Racism in Shakespeare's Othello

Shakespeare's Othello is a play that explores complex themes, including the societal constructs of race, power, and jealousy. While racism is not a standalone theme in the traditional sense, it is deeply intertwined within the narrative. This essay aims to shed light on the pervasive and insidious nature of racism as depicted in Othello through various textual and contextual evidence.

The Definition of Theme and the Critique of Racism

A theme, by definition, is a statement or idea that runs throughout a literary work to give it meaning and insight. In Othello, the theme of racism can be perceived as an underlying message that highlights the social and societal constructs that prejudice and discriminate against people of color. However, to claim that racism is a standalone theme may oversimplify the multifaceted nature of the play.

The Role of Outsiders in Elizabethan Society

Elizabethan society was known for its xenophobia and suspicion towards outsiders. This societal construct is reflected in the play through the prominence of characters like Othello, a Moor. The play’s setting and characters provide numerous instances where racism is subtly and overtly portrayed.

Referring to Othello as a 'Moor'

One of the first and most frequent references to Othello's race is the play's title. The word "Moor" itself carries a multilayered connotation of otherness and exoticism, which serves to mark him as an outsider. The term "Moor" was often used by Elizabethan society to refer to people of North African or parts of the Arab world, thereby emphasizing Othello’s difference from the predominantly white society of the play.

Racism in Interaction and Perception

The way characters interact with and describe Othello highlights the racial divide in Othello. For instance, Iago, a key villain in the play, harbors a deep-seated hatred towards Othello and often refers to him disparagingly. Even characters who seem to be neutral or sympathetic, such as Rodrigo, exhibit a level of prejudice towards Othello.

Supporting Evidence: Desdemona and Marriage Laws

The play also touches upon the impact of social norms and laws about interracial marriage. Desdemona's love for Othello challenges the prevailing societal attitudes. The marriage laws and societal norms of the time legitimized the notion that interracial relationships were unnatural or immoral, thereby reinforcing the racial prejudices present in the play. When Desdemona chooses to love Othello despite societal pressures, it highlights the injustices and conflicts arising from such laws.

Shakespeare and the Representation of Black Characters

It is important to recognize Shakespeare's portrayal of Othello and other black characters within the context of his era. While some may criticize Shakespeare for perpetuating racist stereotypes, it is equally crucial to understand that Othello was written during a time when racism and xenophobia were deeply ingrained in society.

Characterization and Stereotypes

Othello's transformation from a respected General to a jealous killer is often cited as an example of racist stereotypes. Critics argue that Othello's actions and the manner in which he is portrayed depict him as a hyper-sensitive and potentially violent figure. However, it is also possible to interpret these actions as a manifestation of the deep-seated insecurities and social pressures faced by Othello due to his race.

Systemic White Privilege and Desdemona's Love

Discussing Desdemona's love for Othello also highlights the impact of systemic white privilege. Despite her love, Desdemona remains a victim of societal expectations and norms. The attempt to "wake some sense into her" through white handkerchiefs symbolizes the persistent attempts to adhere to traditional societal values and to undermine the authentic relationships that challenge these norms.

Conclusion: Putting Racism in Context

In conclusion, while Othello is not solely about racism, the theme of racism permeates the play, reflecting the prevailing attitudes and societal constructs of its time. Shakespeare’s portrayal of Othello as a victim of racism serves to expose the deep-rooted prejudices of Elizabethan society. By understanding the context in which the play was written and the societal norms of the time, we can better appreciate the complexity and significance of racism in Othello.