Introduction

J.R.R. Tolkien's creation of the hobbits in his works has puzzled and fascinated readers for decades. The enigmatic creatures often appeared as simple, everyday folk, yet they served a profound symbolic role in his storytelling. This article delves into the reasons behind their inclusion and the symbolism they carry in Tolkien's narratives.

The Birth of Hobbits

One of the most intriguing aspects of Tolkien's creation of hobbits is the simplicity with which they emerged. In his notebook, Tolkien wrote the line, “In a hole in the ground there lived a hobbit.” At that point, the term ‘hobbit’ was merely suggestive of a rabbit-like creature, but it wasn't clear what a hobbit was. It was Tolkien’s inherent creativity and lack of predefined constructs that led to the creation of the hobbit as we know them. He simply wrote, 'I mean, of course, a nice little person,' as a thoughtless and whimsical description.

The Expansion and Symbolism of Hobbits in 'The Hobbit'

The line “In a hole in the ground there lived a hobbit” was expanded into a novel that would become 'The Hobbit.' Hobbits, as defined in the book, became small, simple, and unassuming folk. They lived in holes or ‘holes in the ground,’ a term that harkens back to their humble background. In this story, they were presented as a common folk, neither more nor less special than humans, elves, or dwarves. The hobbits’ quiet steadfastness and loyalty underscore their role as a symbol of the ordinary person in extraordinary situations.

The Use of Hobbits in 'The Lord of the Rings'

The transition from 'The Hobbit' to 'The Lord of the Rings' marked a significant evolution in the hobbits' role. In 'The Lord of the Rings,' Tolkien's symbolic use of hobbits became more profound and deliberate. Hobbits, such as Frodo Baggins, played the role not only of viewpoint characters but also as representatives of rural England amid the looming threats of external enemies and modernity. This reflects the tension of war and industrialization in the post-World War II period. Hobbits symbolize the idyllic, rural life that was fragmenting due to the rapid changes brought by the way of the automobile. Their journey is a metaphor for the preservation of an unspoiled, simple way of life.

The Virtue of Humility and Commonality

In the context of Tolkien’s narrative, the hobbits also symbolize virtues such as humility and the value of the ordinary. They embody the archetype of the common Englishman, a figure that Tolkien largely admired. The hobbits' simplicity and lack of extraordinary traits (unlike elves and dwarves) highlight their character as ordinary yet virtuous. This is a testament to Tolkien’s belief in representing the common folk in a story that often delved into the fantastical.

Conclusion

The inclusion of hobbits in J.R.R. Tolkien's works was not just a whimsical creation but a deliberate choice that permeated his stories with deep symbolism. Their role as common folk, navigators of simple virtues, and representatives of rural England in the face of modernity underscores their importance in Tolkien's mythos. Understanding the symbolic significance of hobbits provides a richer appreciation of Tolkien’s literary genius.