The Realism of Butler Stevens in Ishiguro’s The Remains of the Day

Kazuo Ishiguro's novel The Remains of the Day explores the complex and often controversial world of English upper-class servants, particularly through the character of Stevens, the butler. This essay delves into the realism of Stevens as a character, examining his historical context, psychological depth, themes of duty and identity, and the role he plays in Ishiguro's broader social commentary.

Historical Context

Stevens embodies the values and attitudes of the English upper class and their servants in the early to mid-20th century. His dedication to duty and professionalism reflects the societal norms of his time, where class distinctions were pronounced and the role of a butler was highly respected. By understanding the context within which Stevens operates, readers can appreciate how his character resonates with the cultural and historical realities of that era.

Psychological Depth

Ishiguro provides Stevens with a rich inner life that goes beyond mere servitude. His introspection and emotional repression illustrate the psychological toll of a life devoted to duty at the expense of personal relationships and feelings. This complexity makes him a realistic and relatable character as he grapples with regret and unfulfilled desires. Stevens's inner struggles reflect the broader human condition of balancing professional obligations with personal needs, making him a compelling figure in literature.

Themes of Duty and Identity

Stevens's unwavering commitment to his role as a butler raises profound questions about identity and self-worth. His belief that a good butler must suppress personal emotions to serve effectively reflects a realistic struggle many individuals face when balancing professional obligations with personal needs. This theme resonates widely, as many people grapple with the tension between their professional roles and personal desires.

Social Commentary

Through Stevens, Ishiguro critiques the British class system and the fading of the aristocracy post-World War II. Stevens's nostalgia for the past highlights the changing social dynamics and the loss of a traditional class structure. This critique is not limited to the historical context but extends to contemporary society's evolving social norms and values.

Cultural Representation

While Stevens is a fictional character, his portrayal resonates with the experiences of many real-life butlers and servants of that era. The emphasis on dignity, professionalism, and the emotional costs of service reflects broader historical truths about class and labor. By drawing on these experiences, Ishiguro adds authenticity to his narrative, making Stevens a memorable and deeply empathetic figure.

Conclusion

Overall, Stevens is a nuanced and realistic portrayal of a butler, representing both the specific cultural context of his role and the universal themes of duty, regret, and the search for identity. Through Ishiguro's exploration of these themes through Stevens's character, the novel provides a profound commentary on the human condition, making him a memorable and authentic figure in literature.