The Most Influential Writers of the 20th Century: George Orwell and J.R.R. Tolkien

When discussing the most influential writers of the 20th century, opinions are inevitably subjective. However, with the passage of time, certain figures stand out due to their profound impact on literature, society, and culture. Two of the notable figures in this regard are George Orwell and J.R.R. Tolkien. For many, the answer to who the most influential writer of the 20th century is might well be George Orwell, while others might lean towards J.R.R. Tolkien. This article will explore the impact of both authors and why they are considered unjustifiably influential.

George Orwell: A Cogent Critic of Modernity

George Orwell, a figure synonymous with incisive social commentary and dystopian fiction, has left an indelible mark on 20th-century literature. Orwell's fictional masterpiece, Nineteen Eighty-Four, is not merely a warning about the dangers of authoritarianism and surveillance; it is a profound exploration of how political power can corrupt language and thought. Orwell's prophetic vision, articulated in this novel, has not only shaped modern political and social discourse but has also influenced countless other works of dystopian fiction.

Orwell began reading Nineteen Eighty-Four at the tender age of 16. The novel provided him with his first glimpse of literature serving a greater purpose beyond mere entertainment. Over the years, he would return to the book, each reading deepening his understanding of its themes and messages. His Nineteen Eighty-Four introduced a new lexicon, such as "Big Brother," "doublethink," and "newspeak," which have become part of the fabric of modern English. Through his work, Orwell not only warned of the dangers of a totalitarian society but also highlighted the importance of individual freedom, truth, and the power of language.

His other literary contributions, such as The Road to Wigan Pier and A Collection of Essays, further cemented his status as a perceptive and critical figure. These works delve into social issues, class distinctions, and human rights, providing a tranquil yet damning critique of the middle class and society in general. Orwell's writing continues to inspire contemporary authors, thinkers, and activists, making his works timeless and relevant.

J.R.R. Tolkien: The Creator of an Ethereal Realm

J.R.R. Tolkien, the creator of Middle-earth, has spawned a universe that has captivated readers for generations. His vivid imagination and intricate world-building have made The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit not just epic fantasy works but profound reflections on friendship, nobility, and endurance. These books have earned a place in the annals of literature, not only due to their enduring popularity and wide readership but also because of their deep thematic content and cultural impact.

Tolkien's creations have influenced multiple genres, from fantasy and adventure to political and social commentary. His works have inspired countless other authors to create their own fantastical realms and have had a lasting impact on film, television, and popular culture. The language he created for Middle-earth, Quenya and Sindarin, is proof of his linguistic prowess and his deep understanding of language and literature.

Tolkien's impact on literature and culture is multifaceted. His works have been adapted into successful film and television series, introducing his stories to a new generation of readers. The Lord of the Rings trilogy, in particular, has had a significant influence on popular culture, shaping the way modern fantasy is written and consumed. Tolkien's emphasis on the power of storytelling, the importance of legacy, and the enduring nature of good vs. evil has made his works more than mere escapist entertainment, elevating them to a form of cultural heritage.

Why Both Are Influential

Both George Orwell and J.R.R. Tolkien have left their mark on the 20th century in different but equally profound ways. Orwell's focus on social criticism and political commentary through dystopian fiction has made him a key figure in modern literature. His works continue to be referenced and reinterpreted, serving as a warning against the dangers of totalitarianism and the importance of human freedom and truth.

On the other hand, Tolkien's creation of an alternate world and his exploration of myth, fantasy, and storytelling have provided a template for a new genre with enduring popularity. His works have influenced not only literature but also art, music, and even technology, as seen in pop culture references and video game design.

Both authors share a common thread of using their work as a means to explore the human condition, societal issues, and the nature of reality. Whether through the lens of dystopian society or the ethereal realm of Middle-earth, their writings have provided a rich tapestry of human experience, leaving lasting impressions on literature and beyond.

Conclusion

The most influential writers of the 20th century are those who continue to inspire and challenge us long after their works were written. Both George Orwell and J.R.R. Tolkien fall into this category, each with a unique and indelible impact on literature and culture. While the question of which one is the most influential may remain open to interpretation, there is no doubt that both authors have left an enduring legacy that will continue to influence future generations.