Religion in The Handmaid's Tale: A Theoretical Analysis

The Handmaid's Tale, a seminal work of dystopian fiction authored by Margaret Atwood, paints a harrowing portrait of a religiously dominated society. The specific nature of this religion has sparked much debate. In this article, we explore the religious underpinnings of the universe depicted in the novel and co-created for the television adaptation. The analysis draws on historical, theological, and fictional contexts to understand the religion of Gilead.

Introduction to the Religious Context of The Handmaid's Tale

When discussing the religious faith of the handmaids and their society, many point towards the Mormon religion. While it's true that some people identify as Christians and Mormons do call themselves Christian, there are significant reasons to believe that the religion in The Handmaid's Tale bears little resemblance to mainstream Christianity or even traditional Mormonism.

Mormon Context and Its Limitations

The Mormon religion, founded by Joseph Smith in 1830, predates the events of The Handmaid's Tale. It is known for practices such as polygamy and a distinctive worldview that aligns with the story's setting in the Midwest, particularly Utah. However, the religious beliefs and behaviors of the handmaids and Commanders closely echo Old Testament authoritarianism rather than the open and liberal faith associated with many modern Christians.

Christianity as a Fitting Context

Considering the USA setting and the book's era (1980s), it's plausible that the religion could draw from fundamentalist Christian values. The heart of Gilead's society is indeed deeply religious, characterized by extreme laws and a harsh interpretation of moral codes. The use of Old Testament laws and practices suggests a form of Christian theocracy, but one that is heavily skewed towards an Old Testament spin.

Theocracy and Its Restrictions

The form of governance in Gilead is best described as a theocracy. The religious leaders and the government are one. This reflects a strict and rigid interpretation of biblical principles. In The Handmaid's Tale, implicit or explicit references to Christ or Jesus are notably absent, or when they are mentioned, they are those of Old Testament prophets rather than the forgiving and compassionate Jesus.

Pharaism: A Theoretical Interpretation

A more fitting model to analyze the religion in Gilead could be Pharaism. The term "Pharaism" suggests a rigid and inflexible religious interpretation, emphasizing strict rules and observances reminiscent of the Old Testament. This spiritual framework is characterized by:

Rigid Legalism: The adherence to strict laws and codes, much like the rules governing the movements and behaviors of the handmaids. Authoritative Interpretation: The role of religious leaders in interpreting and enforcing these laws without question. Prejudiced Views: An ancient belief that people of certain ethnic backgrounds face inherent curses from God, reflecting the dangerous and discriminatory beliefs present in the story.

Conclusion: A Cautionary Warning

The depiction of the religion in The Handmaid's Tale serves as a stark warning against the dangers of religious extremism, be it rooted in Christianity, Mormonism, or any other faith. The story envisions a scenario where a few zealots seize power and impose their beliefs on the entire society. This is a cautionary tale about the risks of allowing any group to hold absolute power in the name of religion. It emphasizes the importance of a democratic and pluralistic society.

In conclusion, the religion in The Handmaid's Tale is a theoretically a form of Pharaism, with roots in Old Testament authoritarianism rather than the empathetic and benevolent Christianity often associated with the majority of the Christian world. This interpretation should serve as a thoughtful reflection on the dangers of religious theocracy and the importance of maintaining a society grounded in empathy and justice.