Literature
Is Gatsby on the Autism Spectrum in The Great Gatsby? A Modern Analysis Through Neurodivergent Lenses
Exploring Gatsby's Character Through an Autism Lens
In F. Scott Fitzgerald's masterpiece, 'The Great Gatsby,' many readers have pondered whether the enigmatic Jay Gatsby possesses qualities that align with autism. This popular theory, while speculative, offers unique insights into Gatsby's character and the broader themes of the novel.
Resonating with the Modern Neurodiversity Movement
It's gratifying to find that the idea of Gatsby being on the autism spectrum is not unique to a single mind. Many readers share this perspective, drawn from aspects of his behavior and personality that mirror modern understandings of neurodivergence. While Fitzgerald did not intend to write a character with a specific diagnosis, some traits in Gatsby can be compellingly interpreted through this lens.
Social Interactions and Isolation
Social Interactions: Gatsby often struggles with social cues and seems disconnected from the social norms of the elite society he aspires to join. His extravagant parties attract numerous guests, but these gatherings often leave him feeling isolated and misunderstood. This is a common experience for individuals on the autism spectrum who may feel overwhelmed or disconnected in social situations.
For example, Gatsby's seemingly detached behavior at his own parties underscores his difficulty in engaging with others. Described as a 'shy, quiet, and uncomfortable' host, Gatsby's disparities in social navigation stand out as a hallmark of his character. Many neurodivergent individuals share this experience of finding social gatherings particularly challenging, often feeling like outsiders in their own environments.
Obsessive and Intense Focused Interests
Obsessive Focus: Gatsby displays an intense, almost obsessive focus on his dream of reuniting with Daisy Buchanan. This singular goal of rekindling their romance mirrors the intense and focused interests that many individuals on the autism spectrum exhibit. Gatsby's unwavering dedication to his vision of success, including meticulously planning his parties and recreating the past, is reminiscent of behaviors seen in those with autism.
For instance, his refusal to engage directly with Daisy when conveying his feelings through extravagant displays of wealth and lavish gestures can be seen as a form of indirect communication, a strategy often employed by people on the autism spectrum to navigate complex social situations. Norris, a researcher on autism, explains: 'Individuals with autism may sometimes find it easier to communicate through tangible, external means rather than through emotional or verbal dialogue.'
Emotional Expression and Regulation
Emotional Expression: At times, Gatsby's emotional responses seem muted or out of sync with societal expectations. His tendency to mask his true feelings, especially his love for Daisy, mirrors emotional dysregulation often observed in individuals with autism. Gatsby's awkwardness in expressing his genuine emotions and his reliance on material possessions to convey his feelings underscore this aspect.
Neurodivergent individuals often experience difficulty in accurately reading and responding to emotional cues, leading to social misunderstandings and miscommunications. Gatsby's character reflects these struggles, illustrating his internal conflict and the challenges he faces in navigating interpersonal relationships.
Questioning the Diagnosis Through Historical Context
It's important to acknowledge that the concept of autism as we understand it today did not exist during F. Scott Fitzgerald's time. Any analysis of characters from that era through a modern lens should be done with caution and respect for the historical context of the work. While Gatsby's traits align with autism in many respects, it would be anachronistic to diagnose him based on contemporary criteria.
Exploring the Spectrum in 'The Great Gatsby'
The discussion of Gatsby's potential autism extends beyond his character and touches on broader themes. Some readers also posit that the narrator, Nick Carraway, exhibits autistic traits, further enriching the novel's exploration of neurodivergence. Seconds as a character, Nick's limited social circle and his unique perspective on the world could align with neurodivergent traits.
Ultimately, Fitzgerald's portrayal of Gatsby is more about the themes of aspiration, identity, and the American Dream than a clinical analysis of character mental health. However, viewing Gatsby through an autism lens provides a compelling narrative interpretation that resonates with many readers.
By delving into the possibility that Gatsby is on the autism spectrum, we not only deepen our understanding of his character but also offer a modern, empathetic lens to literary analysis.